Big DataBase 2025: In search of a treasure trove

by Nagesh Havanur
6/11/2025 – Among ChessBase products the Big DataBase stands in its own right. Unlike the MegaBase it has no annotations. This paves the way for independent study and preparation, and helps the player to hone skills on his own. The present edition offers 11 million games from 1475 to November 2024. In this vast collection there are games from world championships, famous tournaments, past and present, not to mention little-known events that deserve greater recognition. There are magnificent battles, brilliancies and unknown gems all waiting to be discovered. Our columnist here introduces a few rare gems.

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Why? Why not?

The Big DataBase is often seen as a poor cousin of MegaBase as it has neither analysis nor commentary. I, for one, do not share this perception. The Big DataBase allows you to follow a game independently. After each move, you ask yourself, "why" or "why not?" You enter your own variations and try to understand how the game was won, lost or drawn. Those lines that you see by yourself are your precious contribution to the game. But are they sound? So you ask wise old "Fritz" what he thinks. The old boy knows a thing or two.

On occasion, you are not happy with his answer. Sometimes his way of thinking is too impersonal, not the way we ordinary mortals think. Then you ask the players what they think. If they tell you, well and good, otherwise the commentators will fill in the gaps. But no matter who says what, do use your own grey cells in the end for judging a position. That is what the Big DataBase is about.

Big DataBase 2025 has over 11 million games from 1475 to the closing months of 2024. The first of these games was played in Valencia, Spain, way back in 1475. The last of them in my database is Vaganian-Mikhalchishin, (½ -½, 10 moves), Vaganian Cup Blitz, 9th November, 2024. On my current count I have 11352974 games. So when you view the Big DataBase on your screen, you have nearly six centuries of chess before you.

Now a single lifetime would not suffice to see one tenth of these games. Besides, not every game would be worthy of deep attention. So one has to pick and choose. If you value your time, it cannot be at random. It is here that chess biography and history show us the way. When you read them, you come across names that you have not heard before. But when you look at their games in the Big DataBase you are astonished to find a kind of magic about them all.

For starters, we are going to see a game that was played between two strong American amateurs, Joseph Palmer Morgan and Walter Penn Shipley, way back in 1891.

Walter Penn Shipley

Walter Penn Shipley

Shipley needs no introduction to knowledgeable readers here. He was a major figure who played an important role in the development of chess in the USA in the late 19th Century and early 20th Century. He was a friend of world champions Steinitz, Lasker and Capablanca. He was also a strong chess player.

His opponent, Joseph Palmer Morgan, was a talented player who regularly played in Franklin Chess Club Tournaments. He passed away early at a relatively young age of 32. Morgan and Shipley played a short match that the latter won. Here is the 8th game of the Match.

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1.e4 e5 2.Nc3 The Vienna was developed by Carl Hamppe, as an attempt to play an improved version of the King's Gambit. 2.Nf3 Nc6 leads to standard lines like the Spanish or the Italian Game. 2...Nc6 Currently 2...Nf6 3.g3 3.f4 d5= 3.Bc4 Nxe4 4.Qh5 Nd6 5.Bb3 Nc6 6.Nb5! g6 7.Qf3 f5 8.Qd5 Qe7! 9.Nxc7+ Kd8 10.Nxa8 b6 leads to the Frankenstein-Dracula Variation on which no clear verdict has been reached so far. 3...d5 is in vogue. 3.f4 exf4 4.d4!? The Steinitz Gambit. 4.Nf3 g5 5.h4 g4 6.Ng5 d6 is the Hamppe-Allgaier Gambit. 4...Qh4+ 5.Ke2 d5 5...d6 6.Nf3 Bg4= 5...b6 is met by the clever line, 6.Qd2 Ba6+ 7.Kd1 Bxf1 8.Nf3 The point. Qh5 9.Rxf1 6.exd5 After 6.e5?? Bg4+ 7.Nf3 g5 the White king is trapped in the centre. Black plays...0-0-0 and ..f6 opening up lines and attacking the White monarch. 6...Bg4+ 7.Nf3 0-0-0!? Sacrificing a piece for a direct onslaught on the king. Quite a few games were played with this line.But does it win? There is a clear draw with 7...Nb4! 8.a3 Bxf3+ 9.gxf3 Qe7+ 10.Kf2 Not 10.Kd2?? Qe3# 10...Qh4+= 8.dxc6 Bc5! Shipley's improvement over 8...Bxf3?! played a year before. 8...Bxf3+?! 9.gxf3 Bc5 10.cxb7+ Kb8 11.Nb5 Nf6 12.c3 c6 13.b4 Bb6 14.Na3 Rhe8+ 15.Kd3 Bxd4 16.cxd4 Rxd4+ 17.Kxd4 Rd8+ 18.Kc3 Rxd1 19.Bxf4+ Qxf4 20.Rxd1 Nd5+ 21.Rxd5! cxd5 22.Bd3+- (1-0, 38 moves) was seen in Morgan,Joseph Palmer-Shipley,Walter Penn, Franklin Chess Club Championship, 1890. 9.cxb7+ The engine offers an extraordinary line and its outome is far from clear. 9.Qe1 Qh5 9...Bxf3+ 10.gxf3 Re8+ 11.Ne4 Qh5 12.Kd2 f5 13.c3! fxe4 14.fxe4 Bb6 15.Kc2 g5 16.Bd3+- 10.cxb7+ Kb8 11.Kd1 Nf6 12.Bd3 Bxf3+ 13.gxf3 Qxf3+ 14.Ne2 Rxd4 15.Rf1 Rxd3+ 16.cxd3 Qxd3+ 17.Qd2 Qa6 Black is a whole rook down and still calling the shots. He is now preparing to bring the last piece into play with ...Re8. 9...Kb8 Not 9...Kxb7? 10.Qe1 Qh5 11.Kd1! The king slips out and also frees his bishop. Rxd4+ 12.Bd3 Bxf3+ 13.gxf3 Qxf3+ 14.Ne2+- 10.Nb5 It's too late to seek exchange of queens. 10.Qe1 Bxf3+ 11.gxf3 Re8+ 12.Ne4 Qh5 13.Kd2 Bxd4 14.Qd1 f5 15.c3 Bb6 16.Kc2 fxe4 17.fxe4 f3-+ 10...Nf6 11.c3 11.Kd3 Bxd4 Games between Steinitz and his opponents followed 11...Bf5+ 12.Kc3 Ne4+ 13.Kb3 Qf6 14.a4! with White missing a6 15.Qe1+- 12.Nbxd4 Rxd4+ 13.Kxd4 11...Rhe8+ 12.Kd3 The king is a fighting piece as Steinitz would put it. Now White threatens 13. Nxh4. Bf5+ If 12...Bxf3? 13.Qxf3+- White frees himself with Kc2 and activates his bishops and rooks. Black has no compensation for the sacrificed piece. 13.Kc4 Be6+ Black sacrifices a second piece. 14.Kxc5 a5! This move first prevents the king's escape route, Kb4 and threatens mate with ...Ne4. Not the immediate 14...Qh5+ 15.Kb4 Nd5+ 16.Ka3+- 15.Nxc7 If 15.Nxh4?? Ne4+ 16.Kc6 Bd5# Or 15.Bd3? Rd5+ 16.Kc4 Rh5+ 17.d5 Bxd5+ 18.Kd4 Qf2+ 19.Be3 Qxe3# 15...Qh5+ 16.Ne5 Nd7+ A fascinating line offered by the engine is 16...Kxc7 17.Qxh5 Rd5+! A heroic try. 18.Kc4 Rxe5+ 19.Kd3 Rxh5 20.Bxf4+ Kxb7 21.Be2 Rb5 22.b3+- 17.Kb5 Qxd1 18.Bxf4?! Sadly, this super- aggressive move does not win. If 18.Nxe8? Nxe5! 19.Kb6 f6! 20.Nc7 Rd6+-+ The White king would be in a mating net. 18.Nxd7+! Kxb7 19.Nc5+ Ka7 20.Kxa5 Re7 21.Nb5+ Ka8 22.b3 Bd5 23.Kb4 18...Qxa1 19.Ka6 Nxe5 20.Nxe8 Rd5!-+ Robert Steel offered an amusing bit of analysis to the " International Chess Magazine" edited by Steinitz. Not all of it is forced. 20...f6 21.dxe5 f5 22.Be3 Rxe8 23.Bb5 Qxh1 24.Ba7+ Kc7 25.Bc5 Rd8?? He has a draw with 25...Bc8! 26.Bb6+ Kb8 27.Ba7+ Kc7 28.Bb6+ White has no more than perpetual check. 26.Ka7+- 21.Bc4 Qxh1 22.Bxd5 Qf1+! Of course not 22...Bxd5?? 23.Bxe5# 23.Kb6 Qxf4 24.Bxe6 fxe6 Now it's all over. 0–1
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Morgan,J-Shipley,W-0–11891Match, Franklin Chess Club

One player whose games should not be missed is Rashid Nezhmetdinov.

Rashid Nezhmetdinov, Mikhail Tal

Rashid Nezhmetdinov congratulating Mikhail Tal on winning the 1957 USSR Championship

There are more than 500 games played by him here. Among others, a number of his victories over players like Tal, Spassky and Polugaevsky are included in the Big DataBase. They are all worth seeing. For starters, let us see a little-known miniature that he played way back in 1936. He was only 14 at the time.

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1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.e5 c5 4.dxc5 Bxc5 5.Bd3 Nc6 6.Qe2 Qc7 7.Nf3 Nd4 8.Nxd4 Bxd4 9.f4 Ne7 10.Na3 a6 11.c3 Bxc3+ 12.bxc3 Qxc3+?? 13.Qd2 Qxa1 14.Bb1‼ 1–0
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Nezhmetdinov,R-Konstantinov,A-1–01936All-Russian Cat.1 Tournament

Misha Tal admired Nezhmetdinov. During the Varna Chess Olympiad 1962 he was interviewed by Dimtrije Bjelica, chess journalist. Bjelica asked Misha what was his happiest moment in recent years. Said Misha, "I rarely felt so happy as when I lost a game with Nezhmetdinov. What a beautiful game!"

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1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 e6 6.Be2 a6 7.0-0 Qc7 8.f4 Nbd7 9.g4 b5 10.a3 Bb7 11.Bf3 Nc5 12.Qe2 e5 13.Nf5 g6 14.fxe5 dxe5 15.Nh6 Ne6 16.Bg2 Bg7 17.Rxf6 Bxf6 18.Nd5 Qd8 19.Qf2 Nf4 20.Bxf4 exf4 21.e5 Bxe5 22.Re1 f6 23.Nxf6+ Qxf6 24.Qd4 Kf8 25.Rxe5 Qd8 26.Rf5+ gxf5 27.Qxh8+ Ke7 28.Qg7+ Ke6 29.gxf5+ 1–0
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Nezhmetdinov,R-Tal,M-1–01961URS-ch29 Final

The Big DataBase also has a number of games played in training events. These competitions were a regular practice in the former USSR. Occasionally there would also be friendly contests. A case in point is the match that Misha Tal played with David Bronstein in 1966. Here is an entertaining game from the contest:

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1.e4 c6 2.d3 e5 3.f4 d5 4.Nf3 dxe4 5.Nxe5 Qh4+ 6.g3 Qe7 7.d4 Nh6 8.Bc4 Be6 9.d5 cxd5 10.Bxd5 f6 11.Nc4 Nc6 12.Ne3 Rd8 13.c4 Qf7 14.Nc3 Bc5 15.Nxe4 Bd4 16.f5 Bxd5 17.Nxd5 Nxf5 18.Qg4 Nd6 19.Nxd6+ Rxd6 20.Qc8+ Rd8 21.Nc7+ Ke7 22.Qxb7 Qxc4 23.Bf4 Ne5 24.Rc1 Nd3+ 25.Kd2 Nxc1 26.Nd5+ Ke6 27.Qe7+ Kxd5 28.Rxc1 Be3+ 29.Bxe3 Kc6+ 30.Ke1 Qxc1+ 0–1
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Tal,M-Bronstein,D-0–11966Match/Training Bronstein-Tal +1-1=35

David Bronstein, Mikhail Tal

Bronstein-Tal, 1958 USSR Championship - the game ended in a draw

At times, you would also find games in Big DataBase that leave you baffled.

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1.c4 Nf6 2.Nf3 g6 3.Ng1 Bg7 4.Qa4 0-0 5.Qxd7 Qxd7 6.g4 Qxd2+ 7.Kxd2 Nxg4 8.b4 a5 9.a4 Bxa1 10.Bb2 Nc6 11.Bh8 Bg7 12.h4 axb4 ½–½
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Huebner,R2590Rogoff,K2430½–½1972WchT Students 19th final A8.1

Years later Kenneth Rogoff, now a renowned economist, was to narrate what happened here.

Huebner had played a really important game against Karpov the round before and lost. Karpov was white and just squeezed him (it took 74 moves!-NSH). Huebner was just exhausted. He told his team captain, "I don't want to play". The team captain said, "Well, that's silly, you're white and play first board. If you're too tired, just make a draw".

In the following round, Huebner met Kenneth Rogoff, a lower-rated player. He played one move and offered his opponent a draw. Young Rogoff asked the team captain, Pal Benko, for advice. By then Huebner was a World Championship candidate, a highly rated player. Benko, of course, asked Rogoff to accept the offer. So did the young American. Unfortunately, the arbiters disallowed a one-move draw and made them play. Then Huebner started playing suicide moves. Rogoff followed suit, and he also played suicide moves in turn. By this time everyone on other tables was watching this game instead of playing their own games.

In the end, the players agreed to a draw. However, the arbiters did not take kindly to it all and declared, both payers had forfeited the game.

Fast-forward to the 21st century

So far, we have seen striking examples of play from the previous centuries. Now let us see some fine play from the present century. Young Daniil Dubov from Russia is one of the best talents in the world. Like other Russian players, his career also received setbacks on account of Covid-19 and the ongoing Ukraine war. However, he continues to play, and his style reminds one of young Tal. Here is a game played a few years ago:

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1.Nf3 d5 2.g3 g6 3.Bg2 Bg7 4.d4 Nf6 5.c4 c6 6.cxd5 cxd5 7.Nc3 0-0 8.Ne5 Ne4 9.Nxe4 dxe4 10.Bxe4 Nc6 11.Nxc6 bxc6 12.Be3 Bh3 13.f3 Rb8 14.b3 Rb4 15.Kf2 f5 16.Bxc6 f4 17.gxf4 e5 18.dxe5 Qh4+ 19.Kg1 Rbxf4 20.Bxf4 Qxf4 21.Qd5+ Kh8 22.Qe4 Qg5+ 23.Kf2 Rf4 24.Qd5 Qh4+ 25.Ke3 Rf8 26.Qc5 Qf4+ 27.Kf2 Qh4+ 28.Ke3 Qg5+ 29.Kd3 Rd8+ 30.Kc4 Be6+ 31.Kb5 Bf8 32.Qc3 Rb8+ 33.Ka4 Qe7 34.a3 Bxb3+ 35.Qxb3 Rxb3 36.Kxb3 Qe6+ 0–1
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WhiteEloWBlackEloBResYearECOEventRnd
Giri,A2708Dubov,D27120–12022Wch Rapid10

Last but not least is the advance of the Indian juggernaut currently represented by D.Gukesh, R. Praggnanandhaa and Arjun Erigaisi. The form of Gukesh after winning the World Championship at 18 has been variable. Success has alternated with failure. His performance in the coming years remains to be seen. For the record, Big DataBase has more than 2100 games played by him over a decade (2014-2024). In my view currently the performance of the other two players, Pragg and Erigaisi, needs to be watched.

And how have they fared against Carlsen? For Magnus represents the ultimate test for both his peers and younger rivals.

Magnus Carlsen, Praggnanandhaa Rameshbabu

Praggnanandhaa-Carlsen at the FIDE World Cup 2023. The game ended in a draw.

First, we see a game in which Pragg beats off a dangerous attack by the world's No. 1 player.

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1.d4 e6 2.c4 Bb4+ 3.Bd2 Bxd2+ 4.Qxd2 f5 5.Nc3 Nf6 6.e3 d6 7.Bd3 e5 8.Nge2 c5 9.d5 e4 10.Bc2 Nbd7 11.Ba4 0-0 12.Bxd7 Nxd7 13.h4 Ne5 14.b3 Nd3+ 15.Kf1 Qf6 16.Nf4 b5 17.Nxd3 exd3 18.cxb5 a6 19.Rd1 axb5 20.Nxb5 f4 21.exf4 Bg4 22.f3 Bf5 23.Kf2 Rfe8 24.Nc3 h5 25.Rde1 Rxe1 26.Rxe1 Qxh4+ 27.Kg1 Qf6 28.Nb5 h4 29.a4 c4 30.bxc4 Rxa4 31.Rc1 Kh7 32.Kh2 Bg6 33.Rc3 Ra2 34.Qxa2 Qxf4+ 35.Kh1 d2 36.Qa1 Qe5 37.Rc1 dxc1R+ 38.Qxc1 Bd3 39.Qd2 Bf5 40.Qg5 h3 41.Nxd6 hxg2+ 42.Kg1 Qe1+ 43.Kxg2 Qe2+ 44.Kg3 Qe5+ 45.Kf2 Qb2+ 46.Kg1 Qd4+ 47.Kg2 Qb2+ 48.Kh1 Bd3 49.Qe3 Bf1 50.Qg1 Qc1 51.Nf5 1–0
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Praggnanandhaa,R2661Carlsen,M28641–02022Miami FTX Crypto Cup7.4

Now for a game in which Erigaisi meets Carlsen's aggression with a counterattack:

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1.c4 e6 2.Nc3 d5 3.d4 c6 4.cxd5 exd5 5.Bf4 Nf6 6.e3 Bf5 7.Nge2 Nh5 8.Ng3 Nxf4 9.Nxf5 Ne6 10.g3 Nd7 11.Bd3 g6 12.Nh4 Bg7 13.Nf3 0-0 14.0-0 b5 15.Rc1 Rc8 16.h4 a5 17.Kg2 Qe7 18.Ne2 b4 19.Nf4 Nxf4+ 20.exf4 c5 21.f5 cxd4 22.Rxc8 Rxc8 23.fxg6 hxg6 24.h5 Qf6 25.hxg6 fxg6 26.Qe2 Nc5 27.Rc1 Bf8 28.Bb1 Rc7 29.Nh4 g5 30.Qg4 d3 31.Nf3 Rg7 32.b3 Qg6 33.Re1 Re7 34.Rd1 Qe4 35.Qxg5+ Rg7 36.Qh5 Ne6 37.Kg1 Rh7 38.Qe8 Qxf3 39.Qxe6+ Kh8 40.Qe5+ Kg8 41.Qe6+ Rf7 42.Qg6+ Bg7 43.Rd2 Qe4 44.Qxe4 dxe4 45.Kg2 Bc3 46.Rd1 Bd4 47.f3 Rxf3 48.Re1 Rf2+ 49.Kh3 d2 0–1
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Carlsen,M2852Erigaisi,A27010–12023Airthings Masters Div 1 W2.3

In retrospect, I would consider the play here an unusual performance. In many games  we find Erigaisi attacking and Carlsen defending in style. It’s just happened the other day in the Norway 2025 Tournament: https://en.chessbase.com/post/norway-chess-2025-10

To return to the database, I have not said a word about the galaxy of other chess stars who have lit up its horizons… from Labourdonnais and McDonnell to Carlsen. If you look across centuries, you will see how they have all worshipped at the same altar of Caissa. Find their thoughts, feel their agony and share their ecstasy. This database comes to life. Amen.

Recommended.

Notes:

1) Valencia is commemorating the birth of modern chess this year:

https://en.chessbase.com/post/valencia-550-anniversary-birth-modern-chess

2) Nezhmetdinov annotated the game with Tal and the annotations may be found in an excellent English translation by Douglas Griffin: https://rb.gy/wfvpxj

3) Daniil Dubov does not lack moral courage and in the following interview he condemns the Ukraine war and with youthful recklessness comments on politics:

https://en.chessbase.com/post/dubov-the-only-way-to-change-anything-in-russia-is-a-revolution

On occasion his decisions are debatable. He chose to assist Magnus Carlsen rather than his compatriot Ian Nepomniachtchi in the World Championship match 2021.

An earlier Review of Big DataBase:

https://en.chessbase.com/post/understanding-big-database-2022-playing-against-e4

Further Reading

1) Chess Secrets I Learned from Masters

https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/51L3bu+PL2L._SY466_.jpg

2) The Essential Sosonko

https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/91rzse4f0SL.jpg

3) Nezhmetdinov's Best Games of Chess

https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/41zzNoCxlPL._AC_UF1000,1000_QL80_.jpg

The original Russian work was edited by Iakov Damsky:

https://rb.gy/08mz4t

4) The Greatest Attacker in Chess: The Enigmatic Rashid Nezhmetdinov

https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/81IZdizsrUL.jpg

5) Walter Pen Shipley: Philadelphia's Friend of Chess

https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/71jx9b7TiCL.jpg

Historical Links

https://dgriffinchess.wordpress.com/

https://www.chesshistory.com/winter/index.html


The Big Database 2025 contains more than 11 million games from 1475 to 2024.

Big Database 2025 contains more than 11 million games from 1475 to 2024 in ChessBase's highest quality standard. From world-class tournaments to youth and senior world championships and open amateur tournaments, this database keeps every chess player fully informed.


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Prof. Nagesh Havanur (otherwise known as "chessbibliophile") is a senior academic and research scholar. He taught English in Mumbai for three decades and has now settled in Bangalore, India. His interests include chess history, biography and opening theory. He has been writing on the Royal Game for more than three decades. His articles and reviews have appeared on several web sites and magazines.
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