The World Chess Hall of Fame
By GM Lubomir Kavalek
The World Chess Hall of Fame celebrated the tenth anniversary this month in
a new location in St. Louis, Missouri. The history of the Hall and portraits
of inducted chess players are available on the impressive
web site.
When it first opened in Miami in December 2001, I was inducted there together
with five great chess players: the unofficial world champion Paul Morphy (1837-1884)
and the official ones such as William Steinitz (1836-1900), Emanuel Lasker (1868-1941),
José Raúl Capablanca (1888-1942) and Robert James Fischer (1943-2008).
I shared the same birth city, Prague, with Steinitz and as fate would have
it, we both ended up in America. "The decision of Lubomir Kavalek not to
return home from a foreign tournament in 1968 was the biggest loss ever suffered
by the Czechoslovakian chess," wrote Andy Soltis in The 100 Best Chess
Games of the 20th Century, Ranked. When I landed in the United States,
Miami was my first point of entry and the 30-year loop of my American chess
career closed in the same Florida city.
I share the same birth year with Bobby Fischer and helping him to became the
world champion in Reykjavik 1972 became one of the highlight of my chess life.
Inspired by his achievements, I had a memorable year in 1973 and moved to the
world's Top Ten with the official FIDE rating 2625. It would have been the highest
rating in Czechoslovakia for the next 20 years and it was the second best rating
after Fischer in the United States for the next 16 years.
I shared an unhealthy habit with Lasker: we both smoked during the games. But
of all the players in the Hall I was the only one pictured with a cigarette.
No Lasker's cigar, no Mikhail Tal's ashtray full of butts. It looked as if a
teacher just walked into the room and all smokers managed to hide their cigarettes,
but me. But it was a document of our times, that's how we played, often disappearing
in clouds of smoke. No smoking is allowed in tournament halls today.
I also learned that Charles Henry Stanley (1819-1901) was nominated to the
Hall in 2001. He is considered to be the first U.S. champion, defeating Eugene
Rousseau in the match in New Orleans in 1845 with a 19-12 score (+15, –8,
=8).
Stanley (left ) was the first to play the move 3...a6 against the Ruy Lopez
(Spanish) 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5. It was later called "The Morphy Defense."
But Stanley also drank heavily and his love of the bottle did him in. He lost
his playing strength and the historian Fred Reinfeld called him "Stanley
the drunkard." He was left out of the Hall and only six of us made it in
the inaugural year.
I expected we would be forever enshrined in the Hall, next to the Miami Zoo,
waiting for the visitors: the curious chessplayers and the accidental tourists
who might stumble to the wrong side of the fence. But the Hall closed in 2009.
Fortunately, thanks to Jeanne and Rex Sinquefield the Hall was rescued and
relocated to St. Louis this year. The Gateway city became the U.S. capital of
professional chess. The U.S. championships are played there and the top-rated
American Hikaru Nakamura is now living in St. Louis.
The World Chess Hall of Fame is a home to 65 chess players: 16 of them are
in the World Hall, including this year's inductee, the first women's chess champion
Vera Menchik. Grandmasters Andrew Soltis and Boris Gulko are the latest additions
to the 49-player U.S. Hall. Chess artifacts and magnificent chess sets and the
exhibition Out of the Box: Artists Play Chess are on display. For his
enormous contribution to chess, Rex Sinquefield will be inducted to the Hall
on January 29, 2012.
Barbara Kruger's chess set made it to St. Louis from Prague. It was a part
of an exhibition in the Center for Contemporary Art DOX under the partnership
with the Prague Chess Society.
The Game called "Kavalanche"
During the opening ceremony in Miami in 2001, somebody came up with an interesting
idea: the players should have their best games displayed in the Hall. But which
games are the best? Whether you agree or disagree, people always try to tell
you what is your best game. "Your game with Gufeld is your best,"
I was told plainly and firmly. The game was awarded the prize for the most brilliant
game at the Student olympiad in Marianske Lazne in 1962. (I also won the brilliancy
prize at the Student olympiad in Sinaia in 1965 against another Soviet player,
German Khodos.)
For nearly 40 years I did not dare to revisit this game and left it to others.
It was published in The World's Greatest Chess Games and analyzed by
English grandmaster John Emms. American grandmaster Andrew Soltis ranked it
as high as number six in "The Best Games of the 20th century." Larry
Evans wrote in his Modern Chess Brilliancies that the game combines
unusual theoretical value with a setting unique in the annals of chess history
- bishop and pawns slaying two rooks. The world championship candidate Robert
Hübner of Germany, a highly regarded analyst among grandmasters, found
nothing wrong with it in the Chessbase Magazine.
Even the loser of the game, former Soviet grandmaster Eduard Gufeld, made more
money with it, publicizing it in his books and recycling it in chess magazines
all over the world. But he had this to say: "It is known that in moments
of emotional inspiration people can work miracles and brilliant masterpieces
are born, recorded in the scanty lines of chess scoresheets. It seems that my
opponent had a moment of inspiration."
The game turns around a single square e3. Black needs to control that square
to push his pawn avalanche forward. To achieve his objective, he is willing
to sacrifice two rooks. As the world champion Lasker wrote in his Manual
of Chess: "When mind overcomes matter, we are charmed."
Note that in the replay windows below you can click on the notation to
follow the game.
Original
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