Chess Problems: Longer half-pin problems

by ChessBase
12/5/2012 – In his introductory article on the half-pin theme the problem expert David Friedgood focused solely on twomovers. But the theme can be given some very interesting twists in three- and moremovers. In this article he looks at a few of the possibilities that extended half-pin problems provide, with explanatory notes, and then presents two problems for our readers to solve. Here now are the solutions.

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Longer half-pin problems

Report by David Friedgood

The first problem is a straightforward one – the half-pin is ready for action in the start position on the diagonal c1 to f4.

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1.Qh3 Threatening 2.Ne6+ Kf5 and then mate by any move of the Ng4. The thematic defences capture the Pd4 so as to create a potential flight square for the king on e5:1... Bxd4 The second thematic variation is 1...Rxd4 2.Bxe4 threatening 3.Ne6# Rd6 3.Bd5# The Bd5 shuts off the rook, preventing it from interposing on d4, while the bishop is pinned and helpless to interfere 1...cxd4 is the only non-thematic variation worth showing. The pawn now obstructs the black rook and bishop so that after 2.Ba3 they are unable to prevent the bishop mating on d6 2.fxe4 Again threatening 3.Ne6# Bxg7 3.e5# The roles of the black rook and bishop are now reversed by comparison with the 1...Rxd4 variation. The rook is pinned and the bishop is shut off, this time by the Pe5. The play is 'quiet' (White's second moves do not give check). The halfpin is exploited on the third move and the echo variations unify the problem effectively.
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V Rudenko & M Marandyuk-Mate in 3-19821 Pr 64-Shakhmatnoe Obozrenye

The second problem, a fourmover, also has the half-pin set up in the diagram, but the idea of the composers is not so much to exploit the pinning of the pieces as to decoy both of them off the half-pin line to be able to control a square in the black king’s field.

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1.Qc1 Threatens 2.Qb2+ Kc4 3.Qxb3+ Kd4 4.Rd5# 1... Rxf2 Now the knight is left pinned. However, in both thematic variations it is not only the pin that White uses, but also the ability to prise open the diagonal controlled by the Bh8. 1...Nc4 2.Ne6+ Ke4 3.Qf4+! Rxf4 4.Ng5# 2.Rb4+ Kd5 3.Qc4+! Nxc4 4.Rb5# A simple but exceptionally elegant concept. In each variation White decoys both black half-pinned pieces off the half-pin line, sacrificing the queen and executing a switchback mate (the rook and knight return to their original squares in the diagram to effect mate).
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E Bogdanov & L Makaronez-Mate in 4-19822nd Pl USSR Championship

The last two diagrams are for the reader to solve. In each case, you have to find the unique key move, which forces mate on White’s third move. For each black defence to the threat you have to find the continuation for White, Black’s response(s) and finally the mate.


White to play and mate in three

In the above problem, the half-pin has yet to come into being. It’s quite easy to find how Black can be induced to inadvertently create the half-pin by an appropriate key and threat. Then the question is how to exploit the half-pin.


White to play and mate in three

This problem has a solution in which the half-pin is activated before it exists! You should be able to see from the diagram how the half-pin might come about, but the sequence of moves might surprise you.

Solutions to the two problems

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The pleasing, if slightly obvious key is 1.Qd8 with the threat of 2.d4+ and mate next move. If Bxd8 The thematic variations feature captures of the pawn on e3, thus creating a halfpin with the capturing piece and the knight on e4 on the line of the rook on e2. 1...Bxe3 2.d4+ White's strategy is to decoy the piece on e3 away, so as to leave the knight pinned. Bxd4 3.Qxg5# 1...Rbxe3 2.Nd3+ Rxd3 3.Qf6# Note that this mate is possible as the rook, in capturing on e3, opened the line of the bishop on a2 to take over protection of d5. 1...Rhxe3 2.Nf3+ Rxf3 3.Qd6# 2.d4+ Kd5 3.Bxb3# An elegant problem, but the half-pin is incomplete (there is no variation where the knight moves leaving the piece on e3 pinned) and the 1...Bxe3 variation is met by the first move of the threat.
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Jean Morice-Mate in 3-19801 Pr Themes-64

Any queries or constructive comments can be addressed to the author at david.friedgood@gmail.com.

Copyright in this article David Friedgood 2012/ChessBase


The British Chess Problem Society (BCPS), founded in 1918, is the world's oldest chess problem society. It exists to promote the knowledge and enjoyment of chess compositions, and membership is open to chess enthusiasts in all countries.

The Society produces two bi-monthly magazines, The Problemist and The Problemist Supplement (the latter catering for beginners), which are issued to all members. Composers from all over the world send their problems and studies to compete in the tourneys run by the society.

The BCPS also organises the annual British Chess Solving Championship, and selects the Great Britain squad for the World Chess Solving Championship. The Society holds an annual residential weekend, with a full programme of solving and composing tourneys and lectures; this event attracts an international participation. Members are also entitled to use the resources of the BCPS library, and the Society book service, which can provide new and second-hand publications.


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