76,132 studies – It's the thought that counts
3/2/2012 – If you looked at a study for five minutes, eight hours a day, it would take you over three years to go through all the endgame studies that Harold van der Heijden has collected in his database: 85% of all studies ever composed. He worked for fifteen years on the project, but also managed to have a family, do a doctorate, and work as a research scientist. Steve Giddins tells us his remarkable story.
It's the thought that counts
By Steve Giddins
Got a significant birthday coming up? Fancy something special as a present? Yes, of course you do. What better than a work of art? £45 million would recently have been enough for your relatives to secure a nice little Titian, but if that kind of money is beyond their pocket, you may struggle to get a conventional artwork of note. However, if you are a devotee of endgame studies, the solution is easy – you just announce a composing competition to mark your birthday, and then sit back and watch, as the world's best study composers produce all manner of masterpieces, in your honour.
That is what Dutch endgame study guru, Harold van der Heijden (above) did last year. His 50th birthday was marked by a composing event, and the winner was the following spectacular effort, by the man many regard as the best study composer currently active in the world:
A pretty marvellous birthday present, I hope you'll agree? But certainly no more than the recipient deserved, because Harold van der Heijden is to the world of endgame studies what…. – well, I can hardly think of a suitable analogy. Chess is about more than just 2800-rated grandmasters, or world champion players; some amateurs succeed in making massive contributions to our game, and Harold is one of the greatest examples. Having learnt chess from a schoolfriend, when aged twelve, Harold soon became interested in studies and problems, and at the age of 17, he started a regular column on the subject, in the in-house magazine of the HMC Den Bosch chess club in Rosmalen, of which he is still a member. At the same time, he started collecting endgame studies featuring under-promotion.
"I have a dream…"
The introduction of the home computer, around 1980, was a major step forward. Harold soon started writing a program to store chess positions, and made what he now describes as "a few primitive attempts" to computerise his card-index of under-promotion studies. But the real breakthrough came on 15 October 1988, at the inaugural meeting of ARVES, the Dutch-Flemish endgame study society. One of the founders, Bas de Heer, gave a lecture on the idea of a computer database of endgame studies. It was still little more than a gleam in the lecturer's eye, a fantasy of the future. Except for Harold, that is. To him, it served a rallying call, and on the very next morning, he started working on building exactly such a database.
For the next 15 years, he worked an average of three to four hours per day on his database, by which time he had assembled a collection of some 45,000 studies. Since then, other commitments have reduced his time to a "mere" two hours a day, but he continues to expand his database. Version IV, released last year, contains 76,132 studies.
To some readers, accustomed to multi-million game chess databases, such as Megabase, this may not sound like a lot, but let us put it in perspective. If you were to play through each and every study in the database, taking an average of just five minutes on each one, and spending eight hours every day doing so, it would still take you approximately 800 days to go through the entire database. And Harold's database is much more than simply a collection of studies. Every study has detailed publication sources, and has been checked, using the latest chess software. Literally thousands and thousands of cooks, busts, anticipations and other undesirable elements have been identified and noted. Numerous incorrect studies have been corrected, source queries clarified, etc.
The task of bringing together such a collection has been a mammoth one. A great many chess problems and endgame studies have not been published in specialist chess magazines, but in mainstream newspapers, in numerous languages, in all corners of the world. Harold and others have estimated that approximately 90,000 endgame studies have been published, so Harold's database contains roughly 85% of all the endgame studies in existence! Of course, over the years, many others have assisted, by sending material to Harold, and the process continues, but it is still Harold to whom the overwhelming bulk of the credit goes, for this remarkable resource. For judges of endgame study composing tourneys, his database is simply indispensable, especially for seeking anticipations, that bane of every composer's life.
So, of the 76,142 studies in his database, which is Harold's favourite? When I asked him, he named two – the Saavedra study ("Nice to explain to youngsters and study newbies") and the following classic by Mitrofanov, often referred to amongst study enthusiasts as "the Qg5 study":
Of course, the work of compiling such a database is enough to occupy anybody for life, isn't it? There is no way that Harold could manage anything else. Er, except that he has. Happily married to his school sweetheart Dorette, Harold has two sons, aged 22 and 19. He graduated in biochemistry, and has worked for 30 years as a research scientist at a veterinary institute in The Netherlands. In 2009, he received his doctorate from the veterinary faculty of Utrecht University. He has also taught himself Russian in his spare time ("What spare time??", I hear you ask…), has written three books on study-related topics, was for 13 years the editor of EBUR, the endgame study magazine of ARVES, and since 2007, has been editor of EG, the world's principal (only?) endgame study magazine.
Oh yes, and he also finds time to compose studies himself. He confessed that it was hard to select his best work, but he likes the following one, which is bound up with a rather interesting story, concerning Russian GM and trainer, Artur Yusupov. More of that in a few days' time, when we present the solution; for now, have a go at solving the study – the first move is a delightful surprise:
Harold van der Heijden
White to play and win
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