Vlastimil Hort remembers Vasja Pirc

by Vlastimil Hort
12/19/2017 – Vasja Pirc was born 110 years ago today. His name is immortalised in the opening theory, but the man himself is almost forgotten, although the Slovenian history professor was at times one of the best players in the world. Vlastimil Hort has met the wine-lover and remembers.

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Vasja Pirc

December 19th, 1907 to June 2nd, 1980

Was Vasja Pirc a thoroughbred chess professional? Barely. Similar to Milan Vidmar, he always kept a door open to civilian life. Though a professor of history and geography in Ljubljana, he also wanted to achieve something in chess, like his role model Adolf Anderssen from Breslau, who was celebrated enthusiastically after his victory at the tournament in London in 1851, and applauded with "Viva Anderssen".

The beginning was promising:
Rogaška Slatina, 1929. The tournament is considered an overture to the Balkan chess boom, which started in Slovenia, spread to Croatia and later reached Serbia and Macedonia.

Pirc ended the tournament with a split 3rd-5th place, among good company.

Pirc Euwe match book

But then came the damper — Bled 1931. Alexander Alekhine was in the form of his life at this tournament. Pirc came in last, but that only served to motivate him more. Tito's Yugoslavia did not exist yet and the policy of socialist self-government, which promoted the chess movement everywhere, was still around 20 years away.

Vasja Pirc was an autodidact and his career is fascinating: H
e took part in the Chess Olympiads of 1931, 1935, 1937, 1950, 1952 and 1954. He was also present in Munich, 1936. In Dubrovnik in 1950, the Yugoslav team brought home the gold. They won bronze in 1952 in Helsinki and 1954 in Amsterdam. In 1938, Pirc was the first reserve player for the AVRO tournament in Holland and he was one of the ten best players in the world. An interesting competition between Max Euwe and Vasja Pirc, played in Bled in 1949, ended in a 5 : 5 tie. Vasya Pirc really did not need to hide from anyone.

 
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1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.e3 Bf5 5.Bd3 e6 6.0-0 Nbd7 7.Nc3 Bxd3 8.Qxd3 Bb4 9.Bd2 Ba5 9...0-0? 10.Nxd5! 9...Qe7 10.Rfd1 10.b4!? Bxb4 11.Nxd5! 10...0-0 11.Rac1 Re8 /\12... dc 13.Qc4 e5 12.Be1 h6 13.Qe2 a6 14.a3 b5? 14...Bxc3!? 15.Bxc3 Ne4 16.Be1 15.cxb5 cxb5 16.Rc2!± Bc7 16...Rc8? 17.Nxd5 exd5 18.Rxc8 Qxc8 19.Bxa5+- 17.Rdc1 Bd6 18.Na2 Nb6 19.Ba5 Qb8 20.Bxb6 Qxb6 21.Rc6 Qb8 22.Nb4 Bxb4 22...a5 23.Na6 Qb7 24.Rxd6 Rxa6 25.Rxa6 Qxa6 26.Rc5! Rb8 27.a4+- 23.axb4 Nd7 /\Nb6-a4 24.b3! /\Qa2-a5 Ra7 25.Qa2 Qa8 26.Qa5!+- Rb8 27.h3 g6 28.Rc7! Nb6 28...Rxc7 29.Rxc7 Rb7 30.Ne1 e5 31.Nd3 exd4 32.Rxb7 Qxb7 33.exd4 Nb8 34.Nc5 Qe7 35.Qb6+- 29.Ne5 Rxc7 30.Rxc7 Rb7 31.Rc6 Qa7 31...Qb8 32.Rxb6! Rxb6 33.Nd7 32.Nd3 Kg7 33.Nc5 Rb8 34.Nxa6 Rc8 35.Qxb6 1–0
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WhiteEloWBlackEloBResYearECOEventRnd
Pirc,V-Euwe,M-1–01949D12Match Euwe-Pirc +2-2=61

Between 1935 and 1953 Pirc was five-time Slovenian, or Yugoslavian individual champion and played on the first board for the team of his hometown club in Ljubljana, in 1955 and 1956, scoring 4½ out of 7 on both occasions.

Vasja Pirc was also a good chess journalist. He spoke German and English well. His contribution to the opening theory is well known and clear: the Pirc defense (
sometimes known as the Ufimtsev or Yugoslav Defense) — more on that below.

Vasja Pirc must have loved the Czech baths very much. Podebrady 1936 was probably the strongest tournament on Czech soil in the first half of the 20th century. Pirc also played the tournament in Karlovy Vary in 1948 and was back in 
Mariánské Lázně in 1965.

The crosstables are extremely interesting. Sometimes Pirc played well, othertimes less so:

 

Pirc (left) against Bouwmeester at the Hoogoven tournament in 1954. Euwe starts the clock.

I was curious about times when Pirc played the defense named after him and scoured the tournament books. To my disappointment, I found only one game in which he used the defense himself. Instead, Pirc preferred the Caro-Kann rather than his own invention.

 
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1.e4 d6 2.d4 Nf6 3.Nc3 g6 4.Nf3 Bg7 5.Bg5 0-0 6.Qd2 Bg4 7.h3 7.Be2 7...Bxf3 8.gxf3 e5 9.d5 c5 10.h4 h5 11.0-0-0 Nbd7 12.Bh3 a6 13.Ne2 Qc7 14.Rhg1 c4 15.Ng3 Better was 15.c3! 15...c3!
16.bxc3 A mistake. 16.Qxc3 Qxc3 17.bxc3 If Kh8 then 18.f4 with unclear play. 16...Qa5! Suddenly threatens Nd7-b4-c4 or a4. 17.Kb1 Nb6 18.c4 Depressing, but what else? Qxd2 19.Rxd2 Nxc4 20.Rd3 Nh7 21.Nxh5? A dubious sacrifice. 21.Bc1 21...Nxg5 22.hxg5 gxh5 23.g6 fxg6 24.Rxg6 Rf6 25.Rg5 Rh6 26.Rd1 Kh8 27.Rdg1 Bf6 28.R5g2 Nd2+
0–1
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Stulik,V-Pirc,V-0–11948B08Karlovy Vary11

In the positional systems White does not try to refute the Pirc from the very first moves, but aims for a long strategic battle to prove that his space advantage and better development will finally give him the better position.


In his little book "Novejsa teorija Šahovska otvoritev" ("New Theory of Chess Openings"), I found a chapter by the author listed as "Pirceva obramba" ("Pirc's Defense"). I was lucky enough to meet Vasja Pirc in person at the 1965 Marianske Lazne tournament. He and his colleague Gideon Stahlberg (* 1908) walked diligently in the morning, received a massage here and enjoyed the blessings of the healing springs there. In the afternoon chess was played and in the evening — presumably against any medical order — wine (Pirc), beer and schnapps (Stahlberg) was consumed.

In search of more Pirc games played by the man himself, I found the game Rossolimo (France) — Pirc (Yugoslavia) Dubrovnik, 1950, where the master obliged:

 
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1.e4 d6 2.d4 Nf6 3.Nc3 g6 4.Nf3 Bg7 5.Bf4 Nbd7 6.Qd2 c5 7.Bh6 Bxh6 8.Qxh6 cxd4 9.Nxd4 Ne5 10.Bb5+ Bd7 11.Bxd7+ Qxd7 12.0-0 0-0-0 13.Qe3 Kb8 14.Ndb5 Nc6 15.Rfd1 Qe6 16.Nd4 Nxd4 17.Rxd4 Qe5 18.f3 Rc8 19.Rad1 Rc6 20.f4 Qc5 21.h3 Rhc8 22.e5 dxe5 23.Qxe5+ Ka8 24.Kh2 a6 25.Rd8 Qf2 26.Rxc8+ Rxc8 27.Qxe7 Qxf4+ 28.Kh1 Nh5 29.Rd8 Ng3+ 30.Kg1 Rxd8 31.Qxd8+ Ka7 32.Nb5+ ½–½
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WhiteEloWBlackEloBResYearECOEventRnd
Rossolimo,N-Pirc,V-½–½1950B08Olympiad-096

Finally, his tournament book about the Staunton Memorial 1951 is a wonderful book and was very important for the development of chess throughout the Balkans.

Correction December 21st: Yugoslavia won bronze at the 1952 and 1954 Olympiads, not silver as originally stated.


The resulting positions are usually dynamic or double-edged and offer fairly balanced chances. The better tactician may win, but do not be dissappointed if the game ends in a spectacular and logical draw!


Vlastimil Hort was born January 12, 1944, in Kladno, Czechoslovakia. In the 1970s he was one of the world's best players and a World Championship candidate. In 1979 he moved to West Germany where he still lives. Hort is an excellent blindfold player, a prolific author and a popular chess commentator.

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