Long live the King!

by Jonathan Speelman
5/7/2023 – A week after Ding Liren became the new world chess champion and a day after King Charless III was crowned in London, GM Jon Speelman reflects on the memorable match from Astana. Referring to Ding’s much praised decision to play ...Rg6 in the deciding game, Speelman writes: “That’s the one moment of the match that I’m going to revisit, not so much from the technical point of view but the psychological. Decision-making in chess involves both pure chess skill and general intelligence, and the small calculated risk that Ding took was a prime example”. | Photo: FIDE / Stev Bonhage

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Sound and fury, Heaven and Hell

[Note that Jon Speelman also looks at the content of the article in video format, here embedded at the end of the article.]

King Charles IIIOn Saturday, we Brits were encouraged to pledge our allegiance to King Charles III, most likely from our own living rooms. Ding Liren’s ascension to chess royalty was a week earlier, when last Sunday he took Magnus Carlsen’s vacant crown. 

So much has already been written about this here and elsewhere that I don’t have that much to add, but it is worth recalling the moment when poor Ian Nepomniachtchi resigned the final game, knocking pieces over on the table (not the board itself) and struggling to get up from his chair. Ding, meanwhile, remained preternaturally calm, restraining his emotions and covering his face to hide any tears. Though he did later cry during the official FIDE interview as he explained how he recovered his composure after the terrible early loss in game 2. 

The thing that stands out is how, under intolerable pressure, both strove to maintain public decorum. In sport, players celebrate success and are expected to by fans. Footballers take their shirts off, though rugby and cricket players tend to be more restrained. Mind sports’ players — or at least chess players — tend in my experience to try to mask their emotions in public, and I’ve always considered this a strength. It’s perfectly normal after a game to whoop with delight or kick a door in fury, but much better to do so in private. If you allow your opponents too close to the whirlpool at your centre, you may be offering them succour and giving them psychological leverage. 

Numerous interviews have appeared since the match, of which perhaps the most interesting was with El Pais’ veteran reporter Leontxo García. Asked how he would remain world champion, Ding replied, “I have to build a strong team, with great teachers and powerful computers. In short, I must be more professional”. And he added, “I am ready for all challenges, including playing against Carlsen if he wants to recover the title, or to defend it against the young stars”. 

The question of Carlsen is especially interesting. At one of the press conferences towards the end of the classical phase, the players were asked whether Carlsen might be able to short circuit the Candidates process and challenge them directly. They deferred to a FIDE representative (I didn’t see who exactly) who replied with a resounding “no!”. Certainly, a formal match for the title would be impossible, but Carlsen remains the world’s highest rated player and I’m sure that Ding would like to correct that. In any case, the two will play a number of times over the coming months in the normal course of events.

Meanwhile, the epicentre of battle has moved on almost immediately to Bucharest, where the first Grand Chess Tour event of the year, the Superbet Chess Classic, includes Nepo, Ding and Ding’s wonderful second Richard Rapport. Personally, I wouldn’t put too much store on how they play so soon after Astana, but it will still be a great to watch. 

Richard Rapport

Ding Liren’s second in Astana, Richard Rapport, is playing in Bucharest, and drew Ian Nepomniachtchi in their first-round encounter | Photo: Grand Chess Tour / Lennart Ootes

I was at the 4NCL last weekend and caught the first three rapidplay games while preparing fairly inefficiently to play black against Alexei Shirov. I did duly lose and have included the game’s finale — though the opening is still live theory, so I’ve skated over it.

It was only after we’d had a post-mortem that I learned that Ding had prevailed. People were raving about ...Rg6 and that’s the one moment of the match that I’m going to revisit, not so much from the technical point of view but the psychological. Decision-making in chess involves both pure chess skill and general intelligence, and the small calculated risk that Ding took was a prime example.

After a month of overwhelming tension in Astana — sound and fury, Heaven and Hell — we have a new champion. Long live the King!  

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MoveNResultEloPlayers
1.e41,166,62354%2421---
1.d4947,29855%2434---
1.Nf3281,60256%2441---
1.c4182,10256%2442---
1.g319,70256%2427---
1.b314,26554%2427---
1.f45,89748%2377---
1.Nc33,80151%2384---
1.b41,75648%2380---
1.a31,20654%2404---
1.e31,06848%2408---
1.d395450%2378---
1.g466446%2360---
1.h444653%2374---
1.c343351%2426---
1.h328056%2418---
1.a411060%2466---
1.f39246%2436---
1.Nh38966%2508---
1.Na34262%2482---
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 Be7 Ding defended the Ruy Lopez throughout the match apart from the ill-fated French in game 7. He seemed to be more or less equal just after the opening, but often significantly worse a few moves later, so I rather wondered why he persisted. But I suppose you have to play something and better the devil you know, especially in the rapidplay when he wanted at all costs to avoid an opening surprise. This game has been annotated all over the place so I'm going to scoot very lightly till the critical moment. 6.d3 b5 7.Bb3 d6 8.a4 8.a3 0-0 9.Nc3 Na5 10.Ba2 Be6 11.b4 Nc6 12.Bg5 Bxa2 13.Rxa2 Qd7 14.Bxf6 Bxf6 15.Nd5 a5 16.Rb2 axb4 17.axb4 Bd8 18.c4 Nd4 19.Nxd4 exd4 ½-½ Nepomniachtchi,I (2773)-Ding,L (2799) Airthings Masters Prelim rapid 2022 (14) 8...Bd7 8...b4 is the main alternative. 9.h3 0-0 10.Be3 Na5 11.Ba2 bxa4 12.Nc3 Rb8 13.Bb1
13...Qe8 This nice move forces White to work to regain the pawn. 13...c5 14.Nxa4 Nc6 15.Bc1 c4 16.Nc3 cxd3 17.cxd3 Nb4 18.d4 Qc7 19.Bg5 h6 ½-½ Safarli,E (2694)-Tomashevsky,E (2722) EU-Cup 32nd Novi Sad 2016 (4.4) 14.b3 c5 15.Nxa4 Nc6 16.Nc3 a5 17.Nd2 Be6 18.Nc4 d5 19.exd5 Nxd5 20.Bd2 20.Nxd5 Bxd5 21.c3 f5 22.f3 20...Nxc3 21.Bxc3 Bxc4 22.bxc4 Bd8 23.Bd2 Bc7 24.c3 f5 25.Re1 Rd8 25...Qg6 26.Ra2 Qg6 27.Qe2 Qd6 28.g3 Rde8 29.Qf3 e4 30.dxe4 Ne5 31.Qg2 31.Qd1 31...Nd3 32.Bxd3 Qxd3 33.exf5 Rxe1+ 34.Bxe1 Qxc4
35.Ra1 35.Rd2! 35...Rxf5 36.Bd2 h6 37.Qc6 Rf7 38.Re1 Kh7 '!' 39.Be3 39.Qe4+ simplifies Qxe4 40.Rxe4 Kg6 41.Be3 39...Be5 40.Qe8 Bxc3 40...Qxc3? 41.Rc1 Qb3 42.Qxe5+- 41.Rc1 Rf6 42.Qd7 Qe2 43.Qd5 Bb4 44.Qe4+ 44.Bxc5 Be1 45.Qg2 looks uncomfortable for White though it's apparently still equal. 44...Kg8 45.Qd5+ Kh7 46.Qe4+
And so we reach the critical position where Ding decided to try to win, despite having less than two minutes on his clock. As he explained, he considered himself the underdog both at rapidplay and blitz, and so considered it worth it. It was a calculated risk (perhaps in some way analogous to when they decide on a risky long pot in snooker rather than a safety play): but within bounds, especailly as a draw would have left him arguably more of an underdog at blitz than at rapidplay. It also had an effect on Nepo, who was presumably already starting to gear down from the "draw" and wind up for the next phase. In any case, Nepo's next move was a serious error, even if still reparable. 46...Rg6‼ 47.Qf5? Perhaps 1.5 or even 2 question marks, even though the engine still maintains that it's equal. 47.h4 is likely to give White an edge but nothing too much as long as Black defends himself well. h5 48.Rc2 Qg4 49.Qd3 Kg8 50.Bxc5 Rc6 51.Rc4 Qg6 52.Qxg6 Rxg6 53.Bxb4 axb4 54.Rxb4 Rc6 55.Rb5 g6 56.Rb7 Rc2 57.Kg2 Rc3 58.Kf1 Rc2 47...c4! 48.h4? White now had to force the pawn forward to avoid Qd3. Apparently 48.Qf4! c3 49.Qf5 is still "a draw". 48...Qd3-+ Stockfish and his brethren now tell us that Black is winning! 49.Qf3 Rf6 49...Bd2! 50.Rxc4 Bxe3 won immediately. 50.Qg4 c3 51.Rd1 Qg6 52.Qc8 52.Qe2 is tougher. 52...Rc6 53.Qa8
53...Rd6?! In fact 53...c2 54.Rd8 54.Rc1 Ba3 54...c1Q+ 55.Kh2 55.Bxc1 Rxc1+ 56.Kh2 Qc6 55...Qf7 wins at once but Ding attempted to win more "cleanly". 54.Rxd6 Qxd6 55.Qe4+ Qg6 56.Qc4 Qb1+ 57.Kh2 a4?! 58.Bd4 a3
58...Qb3 59.Qc7 Bf8 60.Bxc3 a3 61.Qe5= 59.Qc7? The final mistake, with less than half a minute on his clock. 59.h5 was natural threatening to win(!) with Qf7. After Bf8 59...a2?? 60.Qf7 60.Qf7 Qd3 61.Bxc3 Qxc3 62.Qxf8 Qd3 63.Qa8 is the only try and apparently holds, though you would be very far from clear about this at the board. And in fact White can force a draw immediately with Bxg7 because it turns out that the black king can't then run to the queenside because Kd3 would lose to a skewer, and if Kc4, there is Qe6+, or if Kb5, there is Qd7+, also preventing the journey: 59.Bxg7‼ Kxg7 60.Qc7+ Kf6 61.Qb6+ Ke5 62.Qb5+ Ke4 63.Qc6+ Kd4 63...Kd3?? 64.Qg6+ 64.Qd7+ Kc4 65.Qe6+ Kb5 66.Qd7+ 59...Qg6! 60.Qc4 c2 ...Bd2 would be deadly. 61.Be3 Repels Bd2 Bd6 62.Kg2 '?' 62.Qd5 was perhaps a bit tougher intending h5 Bg6, but in any case this should still lose and it was a scramble now, so the pawns were bound to land. h5 63.Bg5 62...h5! 63.Kf1 Be5 63...a2 64.Qxa2 Qe4 65.Kg1 Bc5 66.Bd2 Qd3 67.Qf7 Qxg3+ 68.Kh1 Qh3+ 69.Kg1 Qg4+ 70.Kf1 Qd1+ 71.Kg2 Qxd2 72.Qxh5+ Kg8 73.Qe8+ Bf8 74.Qe6+ Kh8 75.Qc6 c1Q 76.Qf3 Be7 77.Qh5+ Kg8 78.Qe8+ Kh7 79.Qh5+ Qh6 80.Qxh6+ Kxh6 81.Kf3 Qe1 82.Kg3 Bxh4+ 83.Kf4 Qe2 84.Kf5 Bg5 85.f3 Kh5 86.f4 g6# 64.g4 Desperation. hxg4 65.h5 Qf5 66.Qd5 g3 67.f4 a2 68.Qxa2 Bxf4
And we had a new champion.
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WhiteEloWBlackEloBResYearECOEventRnd
Nepomniachtchi,I2795Ding Liren27880–12023C84FIDE World Championship 2023 Rapidplay4.1
Shirov,A2654Speelman,J24931–02023B124NCL Division 1 2022-202310.1

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Garry Kasparov's rise to the top was meteoric and at his very first attempt he managed to become World Champion, the youngest of all time. In over six hours of video, he gives a first hand account of crucial events from recent chess history, you can improve your chess understanding and enjoy explanations and comments from a unique and outstanding personality on and off the chess board.


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Jonathan Speelman, born in 1956, studied mathematics but became a professional chess player in 1977. He was a member of the English Olympic team from 1980–2006 and three times British Champion. He played twice in Candidates Tournaments, reaching the semi-final in 1989. He twice seconded a World Championship challenger: Nigel Short and then Viswanathan Anand against Garry Kasparov in London 1993 and New York 1995.

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