Asking the right questions

by Jonathan Speelman
7/17/2022 – In recent months, our columnist Jon Speelman had a couple of run-ins with technology, which have necessitated speaking to help lines, and in both cases he initially asked the wrong questions. A perfect excuse to reflect on those times when there are no forcing moves to make in a chess game — when asking ourselves the right questions is crucial. Games by Anatoly Karpov and Fabiano Caruana (pictured) are used to illustrate this topic. | Photo: Anna Shtourman / FIDE

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Wrong paths

[Note that Jon Speelman also looks at the content of the article in video format, here embedded at the end of the article.]

In recent months I’ve had a couple of run-ins with technology which have necessitated speaking to help lines, and in both cases I initially asked the wrong questions. I hope you won't find it too boring if I blow off steam and explain both, but if you want some chess immediately, then please just skip my rant and go to the (veggie)-meat of the article, where I discuss asking the right questions during chess games.

My first tech problem was at the end of May/beginning of June, when the 4NCL had what normally, pace a deferred weekend due to Covid, would have been the final three rounds of the season. En route to Daventry on the Friday, I discovered that my email had stopped working, and after phoning home verified that the same problem applied there too. Obviously the mail server was down — or, a voice in the back of my head said, something more serious had happened. I looked up the status of outlook.office365.com, which receives and then forwards the mail, and was assured (baloney) that all was hunky-dory.

Jon SpeelmanI still wasn’t receiving mail when I attempted to get to sleep, and at about 3am checked again. Then I noticed that a 24-hour help line was operative and cleverly phoned GoDaddy. A fifteen-minute phone call ensued, in which the poor gentleman at the end of the line was unable to retrieve my details. We parted reasonably amicably, and it was only later that I realized that actually GoDaddy mainly does web pages, of course, and another provider names.co.uk provides my excellent email address: jonathan@jspeelman.co.uk. Duh! When I woke up the next morning, the mail was restored.

In the last couple of days I’ve had a problem with my network at home which had to be reset. Afterwards, there was no problem getting onto the net from my desktop which is connected to the router by an Ethernet cable, but any attempt at wireless connection was redirected to a login page which I didn’t recognize. Stupidly I began by speaking to the router provider Vodafone. I got a very pleasant young woman, but after passing security and spending about an hour she passed me on to a man one level up — we went through security again, and again we failed. He booked a call back, and amazingly it came through, but after another three quarters of an hour or so that failed, and it was passed further up the line. They did some checks and sent me a text with a reference if I needed more help. I have to say that their customer service was splendid even though it didn’t, indeed couldn’t, identify the problem.

Belatedly I realized that the snag was with a network extender and attempted to speak to it. It turned out that the wireless wasn’t enabled in the desktop, and I was eventually able to fix this and establish, if not friendly, at least cordial relations with the extender.

It still needed resetting (I’d lost the login details and the protocol for retrieving them wasn’t at all helpful) and I left this till Friday morning, when a techie friend held my hand and prevented spontaneous combustion.After several attempts, we did reset but the extender, which is rather old, was still recalcitrant, and so he advised me to ditch it and get a new one. Then he asked why my router wasn’t better situated, and rather marvellously when placed higher up it covers most of the flat anyway.

Jon Speelman

The moral of all this is surely: think before you phone, before you get embroiled in the well-meaning but misdirected scripts of support staff. I sort of knew that it was the extender, but in messing with my phone trying to put in long, very possibly incorrect, passwords correctly and then with a laptop, which doesn’t really fit on the edge of my desk, it was all too much...

When playing chess, we have all the time (unless finding nearly forced moves) to think about what we want to do with the position. Where do we want to put our pieces and how can we implement this?

Anatoly Karpov was (and surely still is to some extent) absolutely tremendous at this, with a crystal clear vision of the board which enabled him to play the middlegame at a level which has hardly ever been emulated. And I’ve got a couple of very famous examples of this.

 
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1.e41,166,62354%2421---
1.d4947,29855%2434---
1.Nf3281,60256%2441---
1.c4182,10256%2442---
1.g319,70256%2427---
1.b314,26554%2427---
1.f45,89748%2377---
1.Nc33,80151%2384---
1.b41,75648%2380---
1.a31,20654%2404---
1.e31,06848%2408---
1.d395450%2378---
1.g466446%2360---
1.h444653%2374---
1.c343351%2426---
1.h328056%2418---
1.a411060%2466---
1.f39246%2436---
1.Nh38966%2508---
1.Na34262%2482---
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 d6 8.c3 0-0 9.h3 Na5 10.Bc2 c5 11.d4 Qc7 12.Nbd2 Nc6 12...cxd4 13.cxd4 Nc6 14.Nb3 a5 15.Be3 a4 16.Nbd2 Bd7 17.Rc1 Qb7 13.d5 Nd8 14.a4 Rb8 15.axb5 axb5 16.b4 Nb7 17.Nf1 Bd7 18.Be3 Ra8 19.Qd2 Rfc8 20.Bd3 g6 21.Ng3 Bf8 22.Ra2 c4 22...Rxa2 23.Qxa2 c4 was probably better, since while White retains pressure, it's easier for Black to control the threats when there is just a single pair of rooks. 23.Bb1 Qd8
In this famous game, Black is contesting the a-file and looks as though he should be fairly okay. But Karpov found: 23...Rxa2 24.Qxa2 Qd8 25.Qa6 24.Ba7! This beautiful move prevents Black from exchanging off all the rooks on the a-file and maintains a pleasant advantage, as White will be able to double on the file and then release the bishop at the moment he deems most disruptive to Black. When Deep Blue played Ba7 in an analogous position against him, Garry Kasparov was suspicious and discombobulated, but the present gneration of sotware spots it instantly. Ba7 is immediately Stockfish's first choice though it gives just under +1, which is very modest for this most definitive of engines. Ne8 24...Qc7 25.Bc2 Na5 25.Bc2 Nc7 26.Rea1± Qe7 27.Bb1 Be8 28.Ne2 Nd8 29.Nh2 Bg7 30.f4 f6 30...exf4 would have avoided what happened, but with both knights far away from e5 was also very uncomfortable. 31.f5 g5?! The natural human reaction, but now Karpov gets control of the white squares on the kingside and it's soon over. 31...gxf5 32.Ng3 32.exf5 e4 33.Qd4 32...f4 33.Nf5 Qf8 is most unpleasant, though according to Stockfish only +1ish so still not winning. 32.Bc2 Bf7 33.Ng3 Nb7 34.Bd1 h6?! This surely has to make things worse, though it was "losing" anyway. 35.Bh5 Qe8 36.Qd1 Nd8 37.Ra3 Kf8 38.R1a2 Kg8 39.Ng4 Kf8 40.Ne3 Kg8 41.Bxf7+ Nxf7 42.Qh5 Nd8
43.Qg6! Kf8 44.Nh5 In this repulsive position, Unzicker resigned. It could go: 44.Nh5 Qf7 45.Bb6 Rxa3 46.Rxa3 Rb8 47.Bxc7 Qxc7 48.Ng4 and Black's kingside is about to disappear.
1–0
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WhiteEloWBlackEloBResYearECOEventRnd
Karpov,A2700Unzicker,W25351–01974C98Nice3
Karpov,A2700Spassky,B26501–01974B83Candidates sf19

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The third game is the finish of Hans Niemann v Fabiano Caruana at the end of the Bundesliga season in Bremen. A pupil, a good player who watches a lot of chess over the net, showed me the position in the diagram and asked how White could defend. Because I’d been asked the question, I found the solution almost instantly — not the details, of course, but the idea.

Though over the board at the end of a long tough game it wouuld have been much harder.

 
Niemann vs. Caruana - Bundesliga (2022)

White to play. Can you see an idea which might hold?

 
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1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.c3 Nf6 5.d3 d6 6.0-0 a6 7.Re1 Ba7 8.a4 0-0 9.h3 Be6 10.Bxe6 fxe6 11.Be3 Bxe3 12.Rxe3 d5 13.Nbd2 d4 14.Re1 dxc3 15.bxc3 Qxd3 16.Qb3 Qd6 17.Rad1 Rab8 18.Nc4 Qc5 19.Ne3 Rfe8 20.Qc4 Qe7 21.Nc2 Rbd8 22.Rxd8 Rxd8 23.Nb4 Na5 24.Qa2 c5 25.Nc2 Nc6 26.Na3 Nh5 27.g3 Rd3 28.Qe2 Rxc3 29.Nb1 Rb3 30.Nfd2 Nxg3! 31.Qg4 h5 32.Qg6 Ne2+ 33.Rxe2 Rxh3 34.Re3 Rh4 35.Rg3 35.Kf1 Nd4 36.Nf3 is apparently "equal" 35...Nd4 36.Nc3 b5 37.Kf1 c4 38.axb5 axb5 39.Nxb5 Nxb5 40.Nf3 Rg4 41.Ng5 Rxg5 42.Qxg5 Qxg5 43.Rxg5
After a very tough battle, White has won the exchange but with two passed pawns Black has lots of tactical ideas. 43...c3 44.Rxe5 44.Ke2 Nd4+ 45.Kd1 h4 46.Rxe5 46.Kc1 Nf3 46...Nf3 44.Ke1 h4 44...c2 45.Rc5 Nd4 46.f4 e5! 47.fxe5 g5 47...Kf7 48.Kf2 h4 49.Kg2! 48.Rc7 Kf8 49.e6 h4 50.e7+ Ke8 51.e5 g4 52.e6 h3 53.Kf2! Ne2!
This is the position I was shown. Both players have coped very well with this difficult endgame but Niemann now made a mistake. Once you know that Rxc2 fails, it's reasonable to try to set up a check, and so I suggestd Rc8+-c7+ but of course without seeing the more complicated details. 54.Rxc2? 54.Rc8+! Kxe7 55.Rc7+ Kxe6 This is the point of giving two checks but... It is more challenging to go for 55...Kd6 56.Rxc2 56.e7 Kxc7 57.e8Q c1Q 56...g3+ 56...Nd4 57.Rd2 57.Kf3 g2 58.Rd2+ Ke7 59.Rd1 With the rook defending on the first rank rather than from g8, White is now able to use the g3-square. Nf4 59...g1Q 60.Rxg1 Nxg1+ 61.Kg3 Kxe6 62.Kh2= 59...Kxe6 60.Kf2 Kf5 61.Re1 Nf4 62.Kg3 60.Kg3! Kxe6 61.Kh2 The most natural, though apparently other moves also hold. White now draws easily eg: Kf5 62.Re1 Kg4 63.Re3 55...Kf6 56.e7 Kf7 57.Rxc2 g3+ 58.Kf3 Nd4+ 56.Rxc2 g3+ 57.Kf3= 54...g3+ 55.Kf3 g2 56.Rc8+ Kxe7 57.Rg8 Nf4! 58.Kxf4 h2 59.Rxg2 h1Q 60.Re2 Qf1+ 61.Ke3 Kxe6 62.Rc2 Kd5 63.Re2 Qf5 64.Rd2+ Ke5 65.Re2 Qh3+ 66.Kf2+ Kf4 67.Ke1 Qc3+ 68.Kf1 Qd4 69.Kg2 Kg4 70.Rf2 Qd5+ 71.Kh2 Qe4 72.Rg2+ Kf3 73.Kg1 Qh4 74.Rg8 Qe1+ 75.Kh2 Qe2+ 76.Kh1 Qe1+ 77.Kh2 Qd2+
0–1
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WhiteEloWBlackEloBResYearECOEventRnd
Niemann,H2642Caruana,F27810–12022C53Bundesliga 2021-2212.7

Studies and problems are the ultimate arenas in which you know you’re being asked question(s), which you may have to formulate yourself and then solve through a mixture of chess ability and general intelligence. (There’s a pawn there. Why on earth would the composer have added it? There must be a reason).

Here are a couple of examples.

 
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This is a very nice study which you can partially approach by wondering why the composer has placed certain pieces on the board, notably the g7-pawn. White has to move the rook and must really attack the bishop since the other line Rd8+ and B moves will fail to c2, when Black will get R+B+a6-pawn v rook, which is winning (even though if the rooks were exchanged it would be drawn). 1.Rf5 1.Rd8+ Kxg7 2.Be3 c2-+ 1...Bg4 2.Rf8+ Here it's reasoable to suppose that the g7-pawn is there to drive the white king onto the long diagonal. Kxg7 3.Rf1! Be2+ 4.Kxc3 Bxf1 5.Bb2
and White forces K v B abd wrong rook's pawn.
½–½
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WhiteEloWBlackEloBResYearECOEventRnd
Sokov,V--½–½19373.hm t001
Turton,H--1–01856Mate in 3 Illustated London News

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On this DVD a team of experts looks closely at the secrets of Karpov's games. In more than 7 hours of video, the authors examine four essential aspects of Karpov's superb play.


Links


Jonathan Speelman, born in 1956, studied mathematics but became a professional chess player in 1977. He was a member of the English Olympic team from 1980–2006 and three times British Champion. He played twice in Candidates Tournaments, reaching the semi-final in 1989. He twice seconded a World Championship challenger: Nigel Short and then Viswanathan Anand against Garry Kasparov in London 1993 and New York 1995.

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